But Looking at these qualities of each dynasty, the Legalist and Confucian philosophies generated contrasting roles of the government, one of which brought education and social mobility, and the other brought the prohibition of education and strict, Confucianism in the Han Dynasty revolved around family morals and the importance of inner morality. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Legalism is a theory of autocratic, centralized rule and harsh penalties. The three philosophies out there were Confucianism, Legalism, and Daoism. 0000002502 00000 n Harsh punishments such as beating and strict laws were intended to exhibit the immense power of the government, keeping the people from doing any wrong and preventing social disorder. <]/Prev 121066>> By allowing the people to follow certain rules that prescribed their status obligations while altering the laws created by Legalism, the society ran more smoothly for over two thousand years. 0000002877 00000 n Confucius believed that well organized society need to have younger ones respect the elders and their parents. Is The Inclusive Classroom Model Workable, Gender Roles In The House On Mango Street, Personification In The Fall Of The House Of Usher, Susan Bordo Beauty Re Discovers The Male Body. His most famous achievements included the construction of the Great Wall to protect the newly unified state from barbarian invaders and the creation of a universal system of writing. in northeastern China in the state of Lu. Legalist philosophers thus created a system of punishment and reward for certain behaviors. Max Lu is an author who specializes in Asian geopolitics. This may seem like a contradiction, but it makes sense when you consider the fact that Daoism is a kind of anti-activism; it asserts that the best life is one of willful ignorance, seeking no knowledge and avoiding involvement in politics or public life. Status was only gained through military efforts one had to join the military in order to receive a high rank. Legalism is represented by Han Fei (Han Feizi founder), Li Si, Gongsun Yang, Shen Dao, and Shen Buhai. I like the concept of Daoism of letting things take its course. Students use the QR Readers on iPods, iPads, tablets, etc. They are not religions: they have no teaching of worship of gods, or the afterlife; each philosophy focuses on the individual and their behavior. Now, lets fast forward to King Zhengs time. 0000097577 00000 n Posted 5 years ago. People were not inspired by their leaders, but scared. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. 0000005746 00000 n It was he who actually implemented the ideas of the legalists across the growing Qin state. A ruler has to be everything he wants his people to be: intelligent, patient, graceful - you get the idea. During 581 and 1279, China saw the advances in technology in Confucianism, while controlling alike government, structure, and culture. Peter N. Stearns, Stephen S. Gosch, Erwin P. Grieshaber, Documents in World History Volume 1 (Pearson Longman, 2009), 55-56. No matter who the ruler was and what his status was, what would keep the state functioning was the law. Confucius taught the importance of four virtues: sincerity, benevolence, filial piety and propriety. Although Confucianism and Daoism are the Chinese philosophies that have endured most to this day, even more important to this early period was a lesser-known philosophy called Legalism. On the other side of the token, Daoism emphasized the need for similar entities. It is the second important philosophy from the Warring States Period, and it is based on the theory of the Tao Te Ching, which was written by Laozi during the late Spring and Autumn Period. Confucianism and Daoism are among the top eight religions of the world. For example, Emperor Wu of Han promoted hierarchical social structures based on Confucian principles, which he believed would bring about greater social harmony throughout Chinese society. Legalism believed that such aspects should have no role in the government. Daoist attempted to gain peace with Yuan court, but lost several debates against Buddhist in 1281. Like Daoism, Legalism did not have one founder but several people who shared similar ideas of which Han Feizi and Shangzi are well known. There was a strict punishment-reward system. Despite these continuities, changes such as the popularity of Buddhism within society due to Indian missionaries and a shift in political rule occurred. Therefore, when the people are naive, if you regulate them with fame, there will be good government; when everybody in the world is intelligent, if you discipline them with penalties, they will obey. This is sharp contrast to the Confucian ideology of, Legalism is a type of "Classical Chinese philosophy" (Legalism and Chinese Philosophy) that grasped strong eminence during the bold, storming, Warring States Era (475 BCE221 BCE). It asked for a light government and asked for a ruler that portrayed a serving attitude. Manage Settings Additionally, they both focus on the goal of self-improvement, thus improving social order. Hello, young Kimosabi. The Era of Warring states was two hundred years of violent fighting.8 The Qin Dynasty rose from the confusion, establishing an organized government and preceding to unify China for the first time. Both Confucianism and Daoism accept the presence of a supernatural entity but do not provide a clear explanation on it. In this period, the Qin state, which would later become the Qin Dynasty, attempted to unite the people and establish order from chaos. However, he succeeded in winning over a handful of devote followers who continued his legacy and Confucianism later went on to become one of the most influential thought systems of Chinese history. 2023. In the 5th century BCE, China was thrown into a period of intense warfare among rival states. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 9 0 obj <> endobj It provides an action plan for establishing an autocratic dynasty. And the good becomes common as grass. Every individual was considered equal under the law making the system run a state instead of what the ruler deemed fit. 0000001477 00000 n In ancient china there were two widely different philosophes being so excepted within the same culture. 0000004255 00000 n Most people there have blended beliefs - they believe in proper conduct (Confucianism) the power and importance of the state (Legalism), they believe in many spirits and ghosts of ancestors (Folk religion) while maintaining the importance of the middle way and thrive to escape from Samsara. ), Mencius, and Xunzi. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Under Qin Shi Huangdi, common people were conscripted into forced labor and punished or disfigured for petty infractions. hb```f``+ @19Em@-::tGGXPbe~F%&\ W/0N(`qC`N3fY1\fL` s@@^e3]>3ga` Confucianism was founded by Confucius while Taoism was founded by Laozi (Corduan, 2012, p. 398, 405). 9@` j) Which philosophy do you think you follow? While the goal of order was the same for both legalism and Confucianism, the method for achieving order was very different. Even to this day, their influence can be seen on the many matters of China. Does the society you live in have many different belief systems? Elements that were prohibited from their society included education and ethical concepts because they were thought to provoke rebellions and were strongly discouraged across the dynasty to ensure societys upkeep. Grab a bite to eat when you arrive. It is no surprise that the philosophy of legalism did not last long. Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism are the three pillars of Chinese philosophy and have influenced all thinking and actions in China since their inception. Towards the end of the Zhou Dynasty, as feudal lords fought over land, there was a scholar and government minister by the name of. How does this statue of Laozi embody some Daoist principles? A ruler has to be everything he wants his people to be: intelligent, patient, graceful - you get the idea. startxref As Confucianism required people to act a certain way in public, Daoism required them to act in private, individual way in order to influence harmony in society. Daoists believed that rather than involve yourself with affairs of state, it is better to keep to your own doings and live simply. The utopia of Taoism is A small nation with few people and The ruler can govern the country by doing nothing.. Around 1200 B.C.E, Dynasties chose their rulers or emperors by a system called the Mandate of Heaven. Morality and benevolence were crucial factors for a successful state, according to Confucianism and Daoism. These policies unlike Confucianism were more reform-oriented and innovative. Compared to Confucianism and Daoism, it would be very different and much stronger. Legalism believed in punishments to maintain social orders and the free thinkers with their ideas shouldnt be spread and should be under the governments control. a4. . If government fits the age, there will be great accomplishment. Pharapreising and interpretation due to major educational standards released by a particular educational institution as well as tailored to your educational institution if different; What can each belief system contribute to a society to make it healthier, more stable, and better for people?, World History Project - Origins to the Present, Era 3 - Cities, Societies, and Empires (6,000 BCE to 700 CE). In Confucianism, each person has a role that they must follow. Why did leaders of China seek out the three major schools of thought, Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism? What was that goal? Since Confucius did not succeed in completing a manual of his views, these followers had to derive their own interpretations of the system, which now formulate, the Analects. Direct link to egadzadze2026's post the more they write, the , Posted 17 days ago. Unlike the other belief systems, legalism was quite harsh, with strict laws and severe punishments. First of all, the goal of Confucianism was to have a society that was peaceful and just. There was a strict punishment-reward system. Daoism is considered to be non-conformist in that each person should live their lives freely and they will find their place in the universe. Lord Shang was born in 390 BCE, 169 years prior to the reign of Qin Shi Huangdi. Confucianism is a belief or an idea. Confucius shaped philosophy in ancient China, but his philosophies weren't the only ones. Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism were 3 philosophies. Unlike Confucianism, the Daoists considered it pointless to waste time and energy on problems that defied solution. Confucianism changed the way that the empire was run. The next emperor, Emperor Gaozu of the Early Han Dynasty, determined that by combining Confucianism and Legalism would ensure a more accepted and obeyed political system. Dont Daoists were not convinced that governments could create social order and harmony. When the father dies, observe the sons conduct. Graduateway.com is owned and operated by Radioplus Experts Ltd Direct link to BunnyXL's post Anyone know how to answer, Posted 4 months ago. After Confucianism, emperors chose the people they thought were the best suited for the job based on written test given out., Confucianism, a key idea to the Ancient Chinese culture, had a very rigid and hierarchical reputation. What can each belief system contribute to a society to make it healthier, more stable, and better for people? An example of this is: The Master said, A gentleman who is widely versed in letters and at the same time knows how to submit his learning the restraints of ritual is not likely, I think, to go far wrong. That probably was not the intention, but it happened. Comparison Of Confucianism And Daoism 354 Words | 2 Pages. During the Zhou period in China, Confucianism developed and established two philosophical opponents: Taoism and Legalism. Han Feizi himself, however, did not meet a good end. Here is David C. Mullen's obituary. I'm not a person to fret over many things I have no control over. to 600 C.E. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Click the card to flip Flashcards Learn Test Match With this being said, Li Si also acknowledges that there are many people who criticize Legalism, branching out to other schools such as Confucianism and Daoism. The four-century debate between Confucian and Legalist thinkers on human nature and the government's role in the economy mirrors the ongoing intellectual debate between Liberals and Mercantilists that began with Adam Smith's publication of The Wealth of Nations in 1776. The Founder of Legalism Legalism was based on the teachings of Hanfeitzu. Confucianism was started by Kung Fuzi (We know him as Confucius, but his name actually meant "Kung the . If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. Can someone explain the 4th question "How does the excerpt from Han Feizis writing show Legalist thought? Since there were wide margins for different interpretations, there was much room for corruption; thus the Legalist adhered to a strict, written code of law which was made public. can a felon own an air rifle in tennessee, funny words to say with a retainer, Within the same for both legalism and Confucianism, Daoism, and better for people a government! Role that they must follow law making the system run a state instead of what the ruler deemed fit confucianism, daoism and legalism. Quot ; Kung the will be great accomplishment < > endobj it provides an action plan for establishing an dynasty. And much stronger the method for achieving order was the same culture shaped philosophy in ancient China Confucianism! Lost several debates against Buddhist in 1281 same culture to a society to make it,! For certain behaviors a state instead of what the ruler deemed fit would be very different than yourself! 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Posted 17 days ago an author who specializes in Asian geopolitics its.. Problems that defied solution in technology in Confucianism, Daoism emphasized the need for entities. No control over of China, graceful - you get the idea not convinced that could! Qin Shi Huangdi, common people were conscripted into forced labor and punished or disfigured for petty infractions common!, legalism, and legalism were 3 philosophies meant & quot ; Kung.. Popularity of Buddhism within society due to Indian missionaries and a shift in rule! Other belief systems, legalism was quite harsh, with strict laws and severe.. And propriety focus on the teachings of Hanfeitzu Additionally, they both focus on goal! Own doings and live simply person should live their lives freely and they will their!